California Merlot

Merlot is the second leading red varietal after Cabernet Sauvignon purchased by Americans today. California Merlot consumption was 22 million cases in 2012 in the U.S., growing dramatically from the 2.8 million cases sold in 1994. California crushed 334,917 tons of Merlot grapes in 2012; up 14.5 percent from the 2011 Merlot crush of 286,340 tons.

What is the reason for Merlot's popularity? Industry observers offer possible explanations. Consumers who are new to wine may be trying red wine because of news reports linking moderate drinking to a healthy lifestyle. Also, white and blush drinkers may be expanding their preferences to red. Merlot may be the choice in both instances because of the soft, approachable and luscious character that is appealing to new and regular red wine drinkers. In restaurants, Merlot's average price is similar to the average price of the widely popular Chardonnay varietal, according to a "Wine & Spirits" magazine poll of restaurants.

The Merlot Grape

Merlot is one of the principal winegrape varieties of the Bordeaux region in France, and was brought to California in the mid-19th century. Historically, vintners have used Merlot as a blending grape to soften a wine, usually with Cabernet Sauvignon. Merlot tannins are less forceful than Cabernet Sauvignon, so Merlot wine tends to mature earlier. Merlot is now primarily popular as a varietal wine. Most of the Merlot vines are planted in Lodi/San Joaquin County, followed by Napa Valley, Sonoma, and Monterey counties.

Top California Counties for Merlot Acreage, 2012

County	2012 Total Acres
San Joaquin	7,818
Napa	5,975
Sonoma	5,778
Monterey	5,424
San Luis Obispo	4,143
Sacramento	3,055
Madera	3,015
Merced	2,085
Mendocino	1,546
Fresno	1,265
Other	5,585
State Total	45,689

Source: California Agricultural Statistics Service